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Buy Gold or Gold Miners? Well, It Depends

Your capital is at risk if you invest. You could lose all your investment. Please see the full risk warning here.

Websim is the retail division of Intermonte, the primary intermediary of the Italian stock exchange for institutional investors. Leverage Shares often features in its speculative analysis based on macros/fundamentals. However, the information is published in Italian. To provide better information for our non-Italian investors, we bring to you a quick translation of the analysis they present to Italian retail investors. To ensure rapid delivery, text in the charts will not be translated. The views expressed here are of Websim. Leverage Shares in no way endorses these views. If you are unsure about the suitability of an investment, please seek financial advice. View the original at

Many analysts hold the view that hints of possible softening of the Federal Reserve’s stance on rate hikes to control runaway inflation would possibly be softened mean the markets should recover lost ground. This isn’t necessarily true from an empirical perspective: over the last fifty years, most “pivots” on rate hike regimes have been followed by a strong bear market.

This should be a cautionary note for those who believe that there is a simple relationship between equity markets and rates. In reality, the markets reflect the economy, which is increasingly localized as opposed to globalized. One traditional means of hedging and even profiting during market downturns has been, of course, gold. 

Lets consider three investment avenues for gold:

  • The VanEck Gold Miners ETF (GDX), which tracks the NYSE Arca Gold Miners Index (GDMNTR). The index tracks the overall performance of global gold mining companies.

  • The SPDR Gold Trust (GLD), which denotes a fixed amount of gold bullion. It is one of the top ten largest holders of gold in the world.

  • The Gold Feb 23 futures contract (GC-F)

Knowing the Difference

While gold does find usage in the making of electronics – where its non-corrosiveness makes it very desirable – it has historically been used as a “storehouse of value”. Overall, it has been estimated that most gold available in the world is predominantly used as jewellery.

However, in recent times, the total mix has been shifting towards bullion not held in central banks as well as ETFs such as GLD. Given this shift, gold mining companies receive quite a bit of attention as well. 

It has been variously estimated that mining provides 90% of the world’s supply; the rest is made up for with recycling. However, mining and mine production does not respond quickly to prices. It often takes decades to move from discovery to production. Exploration – wherein gold is found – can take up to 10 years and development – wherein the location of estimated deposits are dug into and made ready for production – can take up to 5 years while mine operations can last as long as 30 years. All of these activities are subject to the price trajectories of gold; if gold is deemed too cheap, a location may be deemed uneconomical to mine. 

This intuitively implies that the price performance of gold mining stocks aren’t necessarily in trend with the price of gold. 

Instrument Trends in 2022

From the start of the year till the end of November, while the three instruments show pretty strong correlation, it isn’t perfect. 

The difference between Gold Miners and Gold itself can be understood thus: given that GDX represents a basket of companies while GLD is a commodity, there is bound to be a difference. The companies involved produce the gold but by no means is it a perfectly predictable process. Furthermore, given that U.S.-listed equities have in general been overvalued over the past several years and U.S.-listed companies are quite significantly represented in GDX, the price trajectory has been under some downward pressure earlier this year. 

Now, between GLD and GC-F, the difference in performance lies in instrument type. When gold futures are purchased or sold, the price is determined by market anticipations on what demand would be upon expiry. In short, its a forward-looking estimate. On the other hand, the demand for GLD itself is based on information as it emerges. In other words, it’s a spot estimate. 

Regardless of instrument choice, all three instruments have been showing bullish performance in recent times, with GDX showing strong recovery in the Year-to-Date (YTD). 

In Conclusion

For tactical purchases based on events as they break, it intuitively makes sense to strategize around either GDX or GLD. While the economic outlook continues to be fluid, GC-F might look overpriced or underpriced but it functions very well as a benchmark for prices in the other two instruments in the forward-looking outlook. Leveraged trading of either GDX or GLD is bound to pick up as capital continues to exit equity markets and look for safe havens.

Exchange-Traded Products (ETPs) offer substantial potential to gain magnified exposure with potential losses limited to only the invested amount and no further. Learn more about Exchange Traded Products providing exposure on either the upside or the downside to the Gold Trust as well as those providing the same on either the upside or the downside to the Gold Miners ETF.

Your capital is at risk if you invest. You could lose all your investment. Please see the full risk warning here.

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