Oil prices rebounded last week, buoyed by a sense of optimism surrounding the United States’ ability to avert a debt default. This positive sentiment was further supported by a tightening market outlook and a cautionary message delivered by the Saudi energy minister, which hinted at the possibility of additional cuts by the OPEC+ alliance to bolster the market.

The upward trajectory of oil was propelled by a combination of cautious optimism regarding the resolution of the U.S. debt ceiling issue and the impactful statements made by the Saudi energy minister. Market participants now anticipate an increased likelihood of further production cuts during the upcoming OPEC+ meeting.

In May, several members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and its allies, including Russia, initiated voluntary production cuts. These measures, coupled with a rise in U.S. gasoline demand, are anticipated to contribute to a tightening of supply.

The next OPEC+ meeting is scheduled for the 4 ^th of June, and Saudi Arabia’s energy minister, Abdulaziz bin Salman, issued a warning to short sellers. His comments were interpreted as a signal that OPEC and its allies may consider implementing additional output reductions in the next meeting.

In April, OPEC+ announced a reduction of 1.7 million barrels per day, adding to their previous commitment to decrease output by 2 million barrels per day. However, OPEC has encountered limited success in recent months when it comes to boosting crude prices through production cuts. Therefore, the current rebound in oil prices resulting from optimism of a debt-ceiling resolution is expected to be short-lived.

Source: Tradingview, Crude Oil Yearly Chart

The sustainability of the rebound remains uncertain due to the growing possibility that the U.S. Federal Reserve will raise interest rates in June, contrary to expectations of a pause, which means that price action is likely to remain within the boundaries of its current trading range in the coming months.

This shift in expectations is attributed to the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) index, the Fed’s preferred inflation gauge, surpassing projections for April. Typically, higher U.S. interest rates present a headwind for crude oil demand.

The annual PCE Index expanded by 4.4% in April, exceeding the forecasted 3.9% and the previous growth rate of 4.2%. In April alone, it rose by 0.4%, in line with expectations, compared to a previous expansion of 0.1%. The core PCE, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, grew by 4.7% on an annualized basis, surpassing both the projected and previous rates of 4.6%. On a monthly basis, it increased by 0.4%, exceeding the forecasted and previous rate of 0.3%.

This week investors will closely monitor manufacturing and services data from the world’s largest oil importer – China, as well as U.S. nonfarm payroll data on Friday, for valuable insights into economic growth and demand for oil.

Furthermore, the future growth of oil output in the United States may decelerate as energy companies continue to reduce the number of operational rigs for the fourth consecutive week. According to the weekly report from energy services firm Baker Hughes Co, the count of active oil rigs fell by five to 570, marking the lowest level since May 2022.

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